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1.
Rev. Bras. Saúde Mater. Infant. (Online) ; 22(4): 975-986, Oct.-Dec. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1422674

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the medication use, exposure to potential risks, and associated factors before and during pregnancy of pregnant women receiving care at the Family Health Strategy in a municipality in the Northeast of Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of pregnant women receiving care in the municipality of Barreiras, in Bahia, Brazil. In data analysis process, prevalence and frequency of medication use were estimated. To investigate the association between variables, the outcome measure was expressed by the prevalence ratio (crude and adjusted) with a 95% confidence interval via Poisson regression. Results: The prevalence of medication use before pregnancy was 35% and during pregnancy, it was 80.7%. Analgesics and antianemics were the prevalent groups of medications before and during pregnancy, respectively. Family income (≤1 minimum wage; PR=1.62; CI95%=1.02-2.55) showed an association with prior use; health problems (PR=2.3; CI95%=1.27-4.22) and complaints in pregnancy (PR=2.39; CI95%=1.28-4.47) had an association with use during pregnancy. Conclusion: The characterization of a high prevalence of use of medicines by pregnant women, combined with a trend of failures in family planning could demonstrate the exposure of the risks of using some harmful substances in periods close to conception and pregnancy.


Resumo Objetivos: avaliar o uso de medicamentos, exposição a potenciais riscos e os fatores associados antes e durante a gestação pelas gestantes atendidas na Estratégia Saúde da Família em município do nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com gestantes atendidas no município de Barreiras, Bahia, Brasil. No processo de análise dos dados, foram estimadas as prevalências e frequências de utilização de medicamentos. Para investigar a associação entre variáveis, a medida do desfecho foi expressa pela razão de prevalência (bruta e ajustada) com intervalo de 95% de confiança pela regressão de Poisson. Resultados: a prevalência do uso de medicamentos antes da gestação foi 35% e durante de 80,7%. Os analgésicos e antianêmicos foram os grupos de medicamentos prevalentes antes e durante a gestação, respectivamente. A renda familiar (≤1 salário mínimo; RP=1,62; IC95%=1,02-2,55), mostrou associação ao uso anterior; problemas de saúde (RP=2,32; IC95%=1,27-4,22) e queixas na gestação (RP=2,39; IC95%=1,28-4,47) tiveram associação para o uso durante. Conclusões: a caracterização de uma alta prevalência do uso de medicamentos por gestantes, aliado a uma tendência de falhas no planejamento familiar pôde demonstrar a exposição dos riscos da utilização de algumas substâncias nocivas em períodos próximos da concepção e na gestação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Prenatal Care , National Health Strategies , Pregnancy , Risk Factors , Preconception Care , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pharmacoepidemiology
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 68(2): 212-216, Feb. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365352

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Neonates are more susceptible to drug interactions and adverse effects, and special care should be taken when prescribing medication to them. This study aimed to investigate drug usage in the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted on 98 patients at the Apollo tertiary care hospital (Bannerghatta, Bangalore, India) in a period of 6 months. The most common indications for neonatal intensive care unit admission, average number of drugs per patient, the most frequently used medication, distribution of patients based on the birth procedure, and possible drug interactions were collected from patient profiles. RESULTS: Among the patients, 52% were males and 48% were females. Notably, 38% of patients were preterm, 60% were term, and only 2% were post-term. Also, 80.6% were born by cesarean section and 19.4% were born by normal vaginal delivery. The highest mean of drug use was in the patient of 1,000-1,500 g (8.06 per patient). Preterm was the most frequent indication for admission in neonatal intensive care unit, followed by hyperbilirubinemia and then respiratory distress syndrome. The most frequently used medication was vitamin K (99%) and antibiotics followed by dextrose. In different types of antibiotics, amikacin (41%), cefoperazone+sulbactam (35%), cephalosporin (1%), ceftriaxone (0.7%), and amoxicillin (0.3%) were commonly administered. There were some possible interactions, such as aminoglycoside with furosemide and calcium gluconate. CONCLUSION: Premature birth and resulting low birth weight were the main reasons for drug prescription. High administration of antibiotics is probably an area of concern and should be seriously considered.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/statistics & numerical data , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Cesarean Section/adverse effects , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , India
3.
Clin. biomed. res ; 42(4): 334-341, 2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1513203

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pediatric oncology patients have a limited number of venous access routes and need a large number of drugs during hospitalization. This study evaluates potential medication incompatibilities (MI) in pediatric oncology prescriptions and identifies possible factors associated with the risk of their occurrence. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated prescriptions from a tertiary universitary hospital from December 2014 to December 2015. The association between variables and the risk of potential incompatibilities between drugs was determined by Student's t-test and Pearson's chi-square, considering p < 0.05 significant. The odds ratio was calculated considering a 95% confidence interval for each drug. Results: 385 prescriptions were evaluated. The mean age of 124 patients was 9.22 years old (SD = ± 5.10), and 50.65% were male. The most frequent diagnosis and reason for hospitalization were leukemia (27.30%) and chemotherapy (36.10%). The totally implantable catheter was the most commonly used venous access (61.30%). In 87.5% of prescriptions, there was the possibility of MI, and 2108 incompatibilities were found, considering 300 different combinations between two drugs. Age, diagnosis, reason for hospitalization, and type of venous access were risk factors for potential incompatibilities (p < 0.05). The following drugs present higher risk of potential incompatibilities: leucovorin, sodium bicarbonate, cefepime, diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, hydrocortisone, and ondansetron, with a significant odds ratio. Conclusion: The possibility of MI in prescriptions for pediatric oncology patients is frequent. Thus, the identification of risk factors may contribute to patient safety and to the rational use of drugs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Pediatrics , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Inappropriate Prescribing , Administration, Intravenous , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology
4.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 58: e19645, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383983

ABSTRACT

Abstract We analyzed use of medication and associated factors in adults aged 18-59 years living in Rio Branco, Acre. This is a cross-sectional and population-based study that used a probabilistic sample of the population from rural and urban areas of the city of Rio Branco, Acre. The Prevalence Ratio (PR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals and associations were estimated by Poisson regression. This study found a 29.4% prevalence ratio of use of medication among individuals aged from 18 to 59 years (685 adults: 473 women and 212 men; producing estimates for 211,902 adults: 110,769 women and 101,133 men). After adjusted analysis, their use was associated with: age (50-59 years, PR: 2.36; 95%CI: 2.29-2.43); women (PR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.23-1.27); up to elementary school (PR: 1.13; 95%CI: 1.11-1.15); and poor or very poor self-rated health (PR: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.43-1.51). The health conditions associated with use of medication were: number of comorbidities, hypertension, diabetes, insomnia, depression, number of health complaints and use of health services. The most frequently used drugs were those belonging to the following ATC categories: alimentary tract and metabolism, cardiovascular system, nervous system, and the musculoskeletal system.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Adult , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Population/genetics , Public Health/classification , Pharmacoepidemiology/statistics & numerical data , Urban Area
5.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 31(2): e2021653, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1384899

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados à polifarmácia e a presença de potenciais interações medicamentosas em Manaus, estado do Amazonas, Brasil, em 2019. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional, com adultos de ≥ 18 anos. Entre pessoas em polifarmácia (≥ 5 medicamentos), pesquisou-se a presença de interações medicamentosas na base Micromedex. Razões de prevalências (RP) com intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) foram calculadas por regressão de Poisson com variância robusta, seguindo análise hierárquica e considerando o delineamento amostral complexo. Resultados: Dos 2.321 participantes, 2,8% (IC95% 2,1;3,6) estavam em polifarmácia e, destes, 74,0% apresentaram interações, sendo mais frequentes quatro ou mais interações por pessoa (40,4%) e gravidade alta (59,5%). Polifarmácia foi maior entre idosos (RP = 3,24; IC95% 1,25;8,42), pessoas com saúde ruim (RP = 2,54; IC95% 1,14;5,67), hospitalização prévia (RP = 1,90; IC95% 1,09;3,32) e multimorbidade (RP = 3,20; IC95% 1,53;6,67). Conclusão: A polifarmácia foi mais frequente entre idosos e pessoas com problemas de saúde, que tiveram mais interações medicamentosas.


Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia y factores asociados a la polifarmacia y la presencia de posibles interacciones farmacológicas en Manaus, estado de Amazonas, Brasil, en 2019. Métodos: Estudio poblacional transversal realizado con adultos con edad ≥ 18 años. Entre personas en polifarmacia (≥ 5 medicamentos), se investigó la presencia de interacciones farmacológicas en Micromedex. Las razones de prevalencia (RP) con intervalos de confianza de 95% (IC95%) se calcularon mediante la regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta, siguiendo análisis jerárquico y considerando el diseño de muestra complejo. Resultados: De los 2.321 participantes, 2,8% (IC95% 2,1;3,6) se encontraban en polifarmacia, de los cuales 74,0% presentaban interacciones, siendo más frecuentes cuatro o más interacciones por persona (40,4%) y de alta gravedad (59,5%). La polifarmacia fue mayor entre los ancianos (RP = 3,24; IC95% 1,25;8,42), personas con mala salud (RP = 2,54; IC95% 1,14;5,67), hospitalización previa (RP = 1,90; IC95% 1,09;3,32) y multimorbilidade (RP = 3,20; IC95% 1,53;6,67). Conclusión: La polifarmacia fue más frecuente entre los ancianos y personas con problemas de salud, que potencialmente tenían más interacciones farmacológicas.


Objective: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with polypharmacy and the presence of potential drug interactions in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil, in 2019. Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study conducted with adults aged ≥ 18 years. The presence of drug interactions among people on a polypharmacy regimen (≥ 5 drugs) was investigated on the Micromedex database. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated using Poisson regression model with robust variance, following hierarchical analysis and considering the complex sample design. Results: Of the 2,321 participants, 2.8% (95%CI 2.1;3.6) were on polypharmacy regimen, of whom, 74.0% presented drug interactions, usually with four or more drug interactions per person (40.4%) and high severity (59.5%). Polypharmacy was higher among older adults (PR = 3.24; 95%CI 1.25;8.42), people with poor health (PR = 2.54; 95%CI 1.14;5.67), previous hospitalization (PR = 1.90; 95%CI 1.09;3.32) and multimorbidity (PR = 3.20; 95%CI 1.53;6.67). Conclusion: Polypharmacy was more frequent among older adults and people with medical problems, who presented more drug interactions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pharmacoepidemiology/statistics & numerical data , Polypharmacy , Drug Interactions , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data
6.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 13: 57-64, jan.-dez. 2021. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1146077

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar o perfil de utilização de medicamentos por hipertensos e/ou diabéticos de uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família do Sul de Mato Grosso. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e transversal com usuários cadastrados em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados em visitas domiciliares. Resultados: os usuários consumiram uma média de 2,9 medicamentos. Não houve diferença estatística no consumo médio de medicamentos entre homens e mulheres. Os idosos utilizavam mais medicamentos. Os fármacos que atuam no sistema cardiovascular foram os mais consumidos. Conclusão: os resultados apontam para a necessidade da promoção do uso racional de medicamentos, sobretudo na população idosa


Objective: to analyze the profile of drug use by hypertensive and diabetic people from a Family Health Strategy of Southern Mato Grosso. Methods: this is a quantitative and cross-sectional research with users registered at a Basic Health Unit. The data were collected in home visits. Results: the users consumed an average of 2.9 drugs. There was no statistical difference in the mean consumption between men and women. The elders used more drugs. The most used drugs were the ones that work in the cardiovascular system. Conclusion: the results show the need for promoting the rational use of drugs, especially in the elderly population


Objetivo: analizar el perfil de utilización de medicamentos por hipertensos y/o diabéticos de una Estrategia de Salud de la Familia del Sur de Mato Grosso. Métodos: se trata de una investigación cuantitativa y transversal con usuarios registrados en una Unidad Básica de Salud. Los datos fueron colectados en visitas domiciliarias. Resultados: los usuarios consumieron una media de 2,9 medicamentos. No habia diferencia estadística en el consumo medio de medicamentos entre hombres y mujeres. Los ancianos utilizaban más medicamentos. Los fármacos que actúan en el sistema cardiovascular fueron los más consumidos. Conclusión: los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de la promoción del uso racional de medicamentos, sobre todo en la población anciana


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/drug therapy , Epidemiologic Studies , House Calls , Hypertension
7.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(3): 869-878, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089474

ABSTRACT

Resumo O presente estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico de vítimas de acidentes escorpiônicos e ofídicos e avaliar a adequação das prescrições de soros antivenenos. Estudo transversal cujas fontes de dados foram as fichas de notificação de acidentes por animais peçonhentos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação no município de Vitória da Conquista (BA), Brasil. Foram incluídas as informações de acidentes escorpiônicos ou ofídicos no período entre julho de 2016 e junho de 2017 atendidos no município. Os dados obtidos e as variáveis de interesse foram analisadas de acordo com as perguntas deste estudo. No período observado foram atendidas 293 vítimas de acidentes por animais peçonhentos. Destas, 149 (50,9%) foram homens e 114 (38,9%) possuíam entre 20 a 59 anos. Foram 235 (80,9%) casos de escorpionismo e 58 (19,1%) de ofidismo. Destes, 203 (69,3%) foram classificados como leves e em 200 (68,5%) casos foi prescrita soroterapia para estes pacientes. Quanto à adequação das prescrições, 172 (59,7%) foram julgadas inadequadas e destas, o uso de número de ampolas acima do indicado foi a mais frequente. A prescrição inapropriada de soros antivenenos ocorreu em aproximadamente em 60% dos casos avaliados. Apesar disso, a maioria dos acidentes foi classificada como leve, em homens jovens.


Abstract This study aims to characterize the epidemiological profile of victims of scorpion and snakebite envenomations and to evaluate the adequacy of antivenom sera prescriptions. This is a cross-sectional study whose data sources were the envenomation notification information sheets of the Notifiable Diseases Information System in the city of Vitória da Conquista (BA), Brazil. We included information on scorpion or snakebite envenomations attended in the municipality in the period between July 2016 and June 2017. The data obtained and the variables of interest were analyzed according to the questions of this study. In the observed period, 293 victims of envenomations were treated. Of these, 149 (50.9%) were men, and 114 (38.9%) were 20-59 years old. In total, 235 (80.9%) cases of scorpionism and 58 (19.1%) of ophidism were reported. Of these, 203 (69.3%) were classified as mild, and in 200 (68.5%) cases, serum therapy was prescribed for the patients. Regarding the adequacy of the prescriptions, 172 (59.7%) were considered inadequate, and of these, the use of some vials above than indicated was the most frequent. The inappropriate prescription of antivenom sera occurred in approximately 60% of the evaluated cases. Despite this, most accidents were classified as mild - in young men.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Snake Bites/drug therapy , Scorpion Stings/drug therapy , Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use , Brazil , Antivenins/therapeutic use , Urban Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Medical Services , Emergency Treatment , Hospitals, Public , Middle Aged
8.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 56: e18756, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1249166

ABSTRACT

The use of medicines can be an indicator of healthcare access. Our aim was to evaluate the consumption of medicine and associated factors among adults in Manaus Metropolitan Region, located in the north of Brazil. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with adults, ≥18 years old, selected by probabilistic sampling. The outcome was the use of medicine in the previous 15 days. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR) of medicine consumption, with 95% confidence interval (CI). Use of medicines was reported by 29% (95% CI: 28-31%) of the participants. People with good (PR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.94) and fair (PR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65-0.90) health status were shown to use less medication than those with very good health. People with partners (PR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08-1.31), and people who had sought healthcare service in the fortnight (PR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.97-2.37) showed higher medicine consumption. Medical prescription (80.1%) was the main inductor of consumption; purchasing at a drug store (46.4%), and acquiring through the Brazilian Unified Health System (39.6%) were the main ways to obtain medicines. About one-third of adults in the Metropolitan Region of Manaus used medicines regularly, mainly people with very good health, living with partners, and with recent use of a health service.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Population , Unified Health System , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Adult , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Prescriptions , World Health Organization/organization & administration , Pharmaceutical Preparations/supply & distribution , Health Status , Delivery of Health Care/classification , Economics
9.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eAO5314, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133728

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence of use of drugs to treat gastrointestinal disorders, according to demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics of the Brazilian population. Methods This is a population-based survey that interviewed individuals residing in cities of the five regions in Brazil. The study sample was composed of 32,348 individuals aged 20 or more years. The profile of use of drugs for gastrointestinal disorders was evaluated considering the variables sex, age, healthcare plan, region, and number of chronic diseases. We also analyzed the frequency of individuals who declared using other drugs, besides those already employed for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Additionally, the estimated frequencies of the drug classes used were determined. Results The prevalence of use of drugs for gastrointestinal disorders in Brazil was 6.9% (95% confidence interval − 6.4-7.6), higher in females, among persons aged over 60 years, in those who had a private healthcare insurance, and presented with two or more chronic diseases. It was noted that 42.9% of the aged who used drugs for gastrointestinal disorders were also on polypharmacy. As to the classes of drugs, 82% corresponded to drugs for the food tract and metabolism, particularly proton pumps inhibitors. Conclusion The use of drugs for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders was significant among women and elderly. In this age group, consumption may be linked to gastric protection due to polypharmacy. This study is an unprecedented opportunity to observe the self-reported consumption profile of these drugs in Brazil and, therefore, could subsidize strategies to promote their rational use.


RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de utilização de medicamentos para o tratamento de distúrbios gastrintestinais, segundo características demográficas, socioeconômicas e de saúde da população brasileira. Métodos Trata-se de inquérito de base populacional, que entrevistou indivíduos residentes em municípios das cinco regiões do Brasil. A amostra deste estudo foi composta por 32.348 indivíduos de 20 anos ou mais de idade. Foi avaliado o perfil de utilização de medicamentos para distúrbios gastrintestinais entre as variáveis sexo, idade, plano de saúde, região e número de doenças crônicas. Analisou-se a frequência de indivíduos que declararam utilizar outros medicamentos, além daqueles já utilizados para tratamento de distúrbios gastrintestinais. Além disso, foram estimadas as frequências das classes medicamentosas utilizadas. Resultados A prevalência de utilização de medicamentos para distúrbios gastrintestinais no Brasil foi de 6,9% (intervalo de confiança de 95% − 6,4-7,6), sendo maior no sexo feminino, entre pessoas acima de 60 anos de idade, naqueles que possuíam plano privado de saúde e tinham duas ou mais doenças crônicas. Observou-se que 42,9% dos idosos que utilizaram medicamentos para distúrbios gastrintestinais também eram polimedicados. Em relação às classes medicamentosas, 82% correspondiam a medicamentos para o trato alimentar e metabolismo, destacando os inibidores da bomba de prótons. Conclusão A utilização de medicamentos para tratamento de distúrbios gastrintestinais foi significativa entre mulheres e idosos. Nesta faixa etária, o consumo pode estar vinculado à proteção gástrica causada por polimedicação. Este estudo representa oportunidade inédita para observar o perfil de consumo autorreferido desses medicamentos no Brasil e pode, portanto, subsidiar estratégias para promoção de seu uso racional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Drugs, Essential/therapeutic use , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Gastrointestinal Diseases/drug therapy , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Pharmaceutical Preparations/supply & distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Surveys , Cities , Drugs, Essential/supply & distribution , Prescription Drugs/supply & distribution , Middle Aged
10.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 54: 40, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1094423

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE In recent decades there has been an increase in the use of antidepressants (AD) and a decrease in the use of benzodiazepines (BDZ). Prevalence, cumulative incidence, and factors associated with the incidence of AD and BDZ use in a Brazilian population were estimated in this article. METHODS Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire in a cohort of employees from a university in Rio de Janeiro. The prevalence of the use of AD and BDZ was calculated for 1999 (4,030), 2001 (3,574), 2006-07 (3,058), and 2012 (2,933). The cumulative incidences of the use of AD and BDZ between 1999 and 2007 were estimated by the Poisson models with robust variance estimates. RESULTS In 1999, the prevalence of the use of AD and BDZ were 1.4% (95%CI: 1.1-1.8) and 4.7% (95%CI: 4.1-5.4), respectively; in 2012, they were 5.4% (95%CI: 5.5-6.2) and 6.8% (95%CI: 6.0-7.8). The incidence of use, between 1999 and 2007, was 4.9% (95%CI: 4.2-5.7) for AD and 8.3% (95%CI: 7.3-9.3) for BDZ. The incidences of AD and BDZ use were higher among women and participants with a positive General Health Questionnaire. CONCLUSION In this population, the increase in the use of AD was not accompanied by a decrease in the use of BDZ, showing the prescriptions for psychotropic medication do not follow the currently recommended guidelines for treatment of common mental health disorders.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Benzodiazepines/administration & dosage , Drug Utilization/trends , Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage , Psychotropic Drugs , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cohort Studies , Age Factors , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
11.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 23: e200025, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101574

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Introdução: O uso inadequado e o crescimento dos gastos em saúde reforçam a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento sobre a qualidade de uso de medicamentos. Objetivos: Descrever e avaliar o perfil de utilização de medicamentos em uma amostra representativa de usuários adultos da atenção primária do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de Minas Gerais. Método: Estudo transversal, com 1.159 entrevistados em 104 municípios e 253 serviços de saúde. Foram coletados dados sobre características sociodemográficas, condições de saúde e uso de medicamentos, sendo essas características estratificadas por faixas etárias. Análises univariada e multivariada, por meio de regressão logística, foram conduzidas para identificar preditores de automedicação. Para todos os testes, foi adotado o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A prevalência de uso de medicamentos foi de 81,8%, com média de 2,67 medicamentos por usuário, que aumenta com a faixa etária. Os medicamentos mais utilizados foram losartana, hidroclorotiazida e sinvastatina, com diferenças entre as faixas etárias. Observou-se automedicação significativa não só em adultos jovens, mas também entre idosos. Os preditores de automedicação foram: ser adulto jovem, ter maior nível de escolaridade, não apresentar doenças crônicas, ter pior autopercepção de saúde e não aderir a medicamentos prescritos. Adultos jovens e idosos apresentaram características que os tornaram mais vulneráveis em relação ao uso racional de medicamentos. Conclusão: O estudo pode contribuir para melhorar o cuidado na atenção primária, pois identificou problemas relevantes relacionados à qualidade do uso de medicamentos, especialmente entre adultos jovens e idosos em Minas Gerais.


ABSTRACT: Introduction: Inappropriate use and increase of health care spending reinforce the need to extend our knowledge about the quality of medication use. Objectives: To describe and evaluate the profile of medication use in a representative sample of adult users of primary care services in the Unified Health System (SUS) of Minas Gerais. Method: Cross-sectional study, with 1,159 interviewees in 104 municipalities and 253 health care services. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions and use of medicines were collected, and these variables were stratified by age group. Univariate and multivariate analyses, using logistic regression, were conducted to identify predictors of self-medication. We set a significance level of 5% for all tests. Results: The prevalence of medication use was 81.8%, with an average of 2.67 medicines per user, which increased with age. The most used drugs were losartan, hydrochlorothiazide and simvastatin, which differed between age groups. Significant self-medication was observed not only in young adults but also in the elderly. The predictors of self-medication were: being a young adult, having a higher level of education, not having chronic diseases, having worse self-perception of health and not adhering to prescription drugs. Young and elderly adults showed characteristics that made them more vulnerable in relation to the rational use of medicines. Conclusion: This study can contribute to improving primary care, where it identified problems related to the extent of medication use, especially among young adults and the elderly in Minas Gerais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Self Medication/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Multivariate Analysis , Analysis of Variance , Age Factors , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Prescription Drugs , Inappropriate Prescribing/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
12.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 23: e200029, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1101578

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Introdução: Os benzodiazepínicos são os psicofármacos mais utilizados globalmente, apesar dos riscos associados ao seu uso prolongado, especialmente entre os idosos. Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a tendência do uso de benzodiazepínicos entre idosos mais velhos (75 anos ou mais) residentes em comunidade. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo realizado com idosos com idades entre 75 e 89 anos, integrantes da linha base (em 1997) e sobreviventes (em 2012) da coorte idosa do Projeto Bambuí. A prevalência do uso de benzodiazepínicos foi estimada separadamente para cada ano, e a comparação entre elas foi realizada por meio de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Resultados: A prevalência do uso de benzodiazepínicos foi maior em 2012 (33,9%) em comparação a 1997 (24,9%). Após o ajuste múltiplo, a diferença de prevalências não permaneceu significativa na população total de estudo (razão de prevalência (RP) = 1,25; intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) 0,99 - 1,60), diferentemente do observado no estrato feminino (RP = 1,38; IC95% 1,04 - 1,84). O clonazepam foi o medicamento que apresentou o mais forte crescimento (RP = 4,94; IC95% 2,54 - 9,62) entre os dois anos. Conclusão: O presente estudo evidenciou um importante aumento no uso de benzodiazepínicos em uma população idosa mais velha. Esses resultados preocupam, pois são medicamentos contraindicados para idosos, especialmente se utilizados cronicamente, e estão disponíveis na relação nacional de medicamentos essenciais. Os profissionais de saúde devem estar atentos para os riscos envolvidos no seu uso por essa população.


ABSTRACT: Background: Benzodiazepines are the most widely used psychoactive drugs, despite the risks associated with their prolonged use, especially among older adults. Objective: To investigate the use of benzodiazepines among community-dwelling people aged ≥ 75 years. Methods: The study was conducted among members of the baseline (in 1997) and survivors (in 2012) of the Bambuí Project cohort. The prevalence of benzodiazepine use was estimated separately for each year, and the comparison between them was performed using the Poisson regression model with robust variance. Results: The prevalence of benzodiazepine use was higher in 2012 (33.9%) compared to 1997 (24.9%). After multiple adjustments, the difference in prevalence did not remain significant in study population (PR = 1.25; 95%CI 0.99 - 1.60), unlike that observed in the female stratum (PR = 1.38; 95%CI 1.04 - 1.84). Clonazepam was the strongest-growing drug between the two years (PR = 4.94; 95%CI 2.54 - 9.62). Conclusion: This study showed an important increase in benzodiazepine use in an older adult population. These results are concerning as these drugs are contraindicated for use in older adults, mainly if used chronically, and are available in the national list of essential medicines. Health professionals should be aware of the risks involved in its use regarding this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Independent Living/statistics & numerical data , Time Factors , Brazil , Multivariate Analysis , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Income
13.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 112(6): 749-755, Jun. 2019. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011215

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The unhealthy lifestyle is growing and this can have repercussions on health status demanding actions on the occurrence of diseases and leads to increased expenses. Objective: To examine the interrelationship between the costs of medicine use and lifestyle behaviors. Methods: A cohort study with 118 participants, age around 51.7 ± 7.1 years old. It was collected personal and anthropometric data and information about medicine of continuous use to calculate the costs. Lifestyle variables included habitual physical activity (PA) assessed by pedometer, sedentary behavior by Baecke questionnaire, sleep quality by mini sleep questionnaire and self-report of smoke and alcohol consumption. Statistical analyses were performed by BioEstat (version 5.2) and the significance level set at p-value < 0.05. Results: In 12 months, 62 subjects bought 172 medicines, representing an overall cost of US$ 3,087.01. Expenditures with drugs were negatively related to PA (r = -0.194, p-value = 0.035 and r = -0.281, p-value = 0.002), but positively related with sleep quality (r = 0.299, p-value=0.001 and r = 0.315, p-value = 0.001) and age (r = 0.274, p-value = 0.003). Four multivariate models were executed considering lifestyle behaviors in different moments of cohort and medicine costs, and all these models identify important relationship between lifestyle behaviors with expenditures with drugs. Conclusion: Worse sleep quality seems to increase the costs related to medicine use in adults, while obesity and ageing play a relevant role in this phenomenon and alcohol consumption seems a variable with relevant economic impact.


Resumo Fundamento: O estilo de vida pouco saudável está se expandindo e isso pode ter repercussões no estado de saúde, exigindo ações contra a ocorrência de doenças e levando ao aumento de gastos. Objetivo: Examinar a interrelação entre os custos do uso de medicamentos e comportamentos de estilo de vida. Métodos: Estudo de coorte com 118 participantes com idade de 51,7 ± 7,1 anos. Foram coletados dados pessoais e antropométricos e informações sobre medicamentos de uso contínuo para calcular os custos. As variáveis de estilo de vida incluíram: atividade física (AF) habitual, avaliada por pedômetro; comportamento sedentário, pelo questionário de Baecke; qualidade do sono, através do Mini Questionário do Sono, e autorrelato de tabagismo e consumo de álcool. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no programa BioEstat (versão 5.2), e o nível de significância estabelecido como p < 0,05. Resultados: Em 12 meses, 62 indivíduos compraram 172 medicamentos, representando um custo total de US$ 3.087,01. Gastos com medicamentos foram negativamente relacionados à AF (r = -0,194, p-valor = 0,035 e r = -0,281, p-valor = 0,002), mas relacionaram-se positivamente com a qualidade do sono (r = 0,299, p-valor=0,001 e r=0,315, p-valor = 0,001) e idade (r = 0,274, p-valor = 0,003). Quatro modelos multivariados foram executados, considerando os comportamentos de estilo de vida em diferentes momentos da coorte e custos dos medicamentos, e todos esses modelos identificam relações importantes entre comportamentos de estilo de vida e gastos com medicamentos. Conclusão: A pior qualidade do sono parece aumentar os custos relacionados ao uso de medicamentos em adultos, enquanto a obesidade e o envelhecimento desempenham um papel relevante nesse fenômeno, e o consumo de álcool parece ser uma variável com impacto econômico significativo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Drug Costs/statistics & numerical data , Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data , Drug Utilization/economics , Life Style , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cohort Studies , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Self Report , Middle Aged
14.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 53: 51, jan. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004515

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Trace the pattern of drug use during delivery hospitalization. METHOD: Cross-sectional study carried out from June to October 2015, included in the 2015 Pelotas births cohort. All women living in the urban area of the city who were hospitalized for delivery were part of the sample. We collected information regarding drug prescription and drug use by mothers during the whole period of hospitalization. Sociodemographic data were obtained in interview after delivery, and other data were obtained from medical charts. The drugs were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical system. RESULTS: All study participants (1,392 women) used at least one drug, with the mean amount being larger the higher the age of the mother, both prepartum/during delivery and postpartum. It was also higher in cases of spinal anesthesia or general anesthesia, cesarean deliveries, school hospitals, and longer hospitalizations. Analysis of the sample as a whole showed no significant difference in the number of drugs used according to hospitalization type, but when stratified by length of hospital stay the mean was higher in SUS hospitalizations than in private and health insurance hospitalizations. Drugs for the nervous system were the most used (30.5%), followed by drugs for the alimentary tract and metabolism (13.8%). The use of anti-infective agents and drugs that act on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems was higher in mothers who underwent cesarean delivery. This study showed high drug consumption in the delivery hospitalization period, and showed cesarean delivery and epidural anesthesia as the main factors related to high drug consumption in this period. CONCLUSIONS: We found high drug consumption in the delivery hospitalization period, and the main factors were cesarean delivery and epidural anesthesia. Drugs that act on the nervous system were the most used.


RESUMO OBJETIVO: Identificar o padrão de uso dos medicamentos durante a internação para o parto. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal realizado de junho a outubro de 2015, inserido na coorte de nascimentos de Pelotas de 2015. Todas as mulheres residentes na zona urbana da cidade que foram internadas para o parto fizeram parte da amostra. Foram coletadas informações referentes à prescrição e uso de medicamentos pela mãe durante todo o período de internação. Dados sociodemográficos foram obtidos na entrevista realizada após o parto, e os demais nos prontuários. Os medicamentos foram classificados de acordo com o sistema Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical. RESULTADOS: Todas as participantes do estudo (1.392 mulheres) utilizaram pelo menos um medicamento, sendo a quantidade média maior quanto maior a idade da mãe, tanto no momento pré/durante o parto como no pós-parto. Também foi maior em casos de raquianestesia ou anestesia geral, partos cesarianos, hospitais escola e internações mais prolongadas. Na análise da amostra como um todo, não houve diferença significativa no número de medicamentos utilizados de acordo com o tipo de hospitalização, mas quando estratificada por período de internação, a média foi maior nas internações pelo SUS que nas internações particulares e por convênios. Medicamentos para o sistema nervoso foram os mais utilizados (30,5%), seguidos dos que atuam no trato alimentar e metabolismo (13,8%). O uso de anti-infecciosos e fármacos que atuam nos sistemas cardiovascular e respiratório foi maior em mães que fizeram cesariana. Este estudo evidenciou elevado consumo de medicamentos no período de internação para o parto, e o parto cesariano e a anestesia peridural como os principais fatores relacionados ao consumo elevado de medicamentos neste período. CONCLUSÕES: Evidenciou-se elevado consumo de medicamentos no período de internação para o parto, sendo os principais fatores a cesariana e a anestesia peridural. Os medicamentos que atuam no sistema nervoso foram os mais utilizados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data , Delivery, Obstetric/statistics & numerical data , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Drug Prescriptions/classification , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Postpartum Period , Hospitalization , Anesthesia, Epidural , Anesthesia, General , Anesthesia, Spinal , Middle Aged
15.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33: e076, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019609

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of opioid analgesics prescribed by Brazilian dentists, potential regional differences and their association with socioeconomic and health-related factors. Data for all opioid prescriptions by dentists was obtained from the 2012 database of the National Controlled Substances Management System, regulated by the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency. The number of defined daily doses (DDD) and DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day for each Brazilian state were calculated as the primary outcomes. DDDs were compared by regions and Brazilian states. Spearman's rho correlation coefficient was used to determine the influence of the states' characteristics, such as the Human Development Index; poverty; education; number of dentists per 100,000 inhabitants; visit to the dentist; dental care plan; good or very good oral health; number of pharmaceutical establishments per 100,000/inhabitants; and ability to get all prescribed medications. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0. A total of 141,161 prescriptions for opioids analgesics by 36,929 dentists were recorded, corresponding to 658,855 doses of opioids dispensed in 2012. The most commonly dispensed opioids were codeine associated with paracetamol (83.2%; n = 117,493). The national DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day was 0.0093 (range: 0.0002-0.0216). DDD per 1,000 inhabitants per day was positively associated to visits to dentists (rs = 0.630; P < 0.001) and inversely associated to poverty (rs = -0.624; p = 0.001). There are significant differences in opioid prescriptions in dentistry among the Brazilian states. These differences may be associated with non-clinical factors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Dental Care/statistics & numerical data , Practice Patterns, Dentists'/statistics & numerical data , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Pharmacies/statistics & numerical data , Reference Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Tramadol/therapeutic use , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Codeine/therapeutic use , Statistics, Nonparametric , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Acetaminophen/therapeutic use
16.
J. Health NPEPS ; 3(2): 583-600, Julho-Dezembro. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-981437

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para identificar los estudios que reportan la frecuencia del consumo drogas médicas, medicamentos de venta libre y alcohol, así como el consumo combinado de estas sustancias en los adultos mayores. Método: se utilizó como guía la Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, se identificaron 4,881 artículos a través de las bases de datos y tres artículos en el buscador google scholar, se eligieron doce estudios ya que cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad y por su calidad metodológica. Resultados: la revisión de la literatura permitió identificar que las drogas médicas más utilizadas fueron los benzodiacepinas, los sedantes, los antidepresivos y los psicotrópicos, los medicamentos de venta libre más usados fueron los analgésicos, laxantes, antiácidos y antihistamínicos; la combinación con el alcohol son prácticas observadas entre los adultos mayores. Conclusión: las drogas médicas y medicamentos de venta libre son consumidas para tratar los trastornos del sueño, depresión, ansiedad y estrés; con relación al alcohol entre el 20.3% y el 57.1% de los adultos mayores lo consumen; la combinación de alcohol y drogas médicas se observó entre el 9.3% y el 18.1%.(AU)


Objective: to perform a systematic review of the literature to identify the studies that report the frequency of consumption of medical drugs, over-the-counter medications and alcohol, as well as the combined use of these substances in the elderly. Method: the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes were used as a guide, 4,881 items through the databases and three items in the search google scholar were identified, twelve studies were chosen as they met the eligibility criteria and their methodological quality. Results: the literature review allowed us to identify that the most used medical drugs were benzodiazepines, sedatives, antidepressants and psychotropic drugs, the most used over-the-counter medications were analgesics, laxatives, antacids and antihistamines; the combination with alcohol are practices observed among the elderly. Conclusion: medical drugs and over-the-counter medications are consumed to treat sleep disorders, depression, anxiety and stress; in relation to alcohol between 20.3% and 57.1% of the elderly consume it; the combination of alcohol and medical drugs was observed between 9.3% and 18.1%.(AU)


Objetivo: realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura para identificar os estudos que revelam a frequência do consumo de drogas médicas, medicamentos de venda livre e álcool, assim como o consumo combinado dessas substâncias em idosos. Método: foi utilizada como guia a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses, foram identificados 4,881 artigos através das bases de dados e três artigos no Navegador Google Scholar, foram selecionados doze exames já que cumpriram com os critérios de elegibilidade e pela sua qualidade metodológica. Resultados: a revisão da literatura permitiu identificar que as drogas médicas mais utilizadas foram as benzodiazepínicas, sedativos, antidepressivos e os psicotrópicos. Os medicamentos de venda livre mais usados foram os analgésicos, laxantes, antiácidos e anti-histamínicos. A combinação com o álcool é um comportamento observado nos idosos. Conclusão: as drogas médicas e medicamentos de venda livre são consumidos para o tratamento dos distúrbios do sono, depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Com relação ao álcool, entre 20.3% e 57.1% das pessoas idosas o consomem. A combinação de álcool e drogas médicas foi observada entre 9.3% e 18.1%.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Health of the Elderly , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Psychotropic Drugs/administration & dosage , Anti-Anxiety Agents/administration & dosage , Benzodiazepines/administration & dosage , Laxatives/administration & dosage , Histamine Antagonists/administration & dosage , Analgesics/administration & dosage , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Antacids/administration & dosage , Antidepressive Agents/administration & dosage , Narcotics/administration & dosage
17.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 36(4): 437-444, out.-dez. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-977086

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o perfil de utilização de medicamentos em crianças de zero a cinco anos de idade. Métodos: Estudo transversal baseado em entrevistas realizadas em domicílio com cuidadores (pais, tios ou avós) das crianças cadastradas em dez unidades de Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), distribuídas em diferentes pontos geográficos do município de Tubarão, Santa Catarina. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 350 cuidadores, cujas crianças sorteadas possuíam, em média, 2,6 anos de idade. Destas, 56,9% utilizaram, pelo menos, um medicamento nos 15 dias anteriores à entrevista, sendo que 31,1% foram expostas à automedicação e 35,7% utilizaram, pelo menos, um medicamento obtido por prescrição atual. O uso de medicamentos foi associado à faixa etária de até 24 meses, consulta periódica com pediatra e diagnóstico de doenças agudas e doenças crônicas. Entre as crianças medicadas, 19,1% foram expostas a pelo menos um medicamento de forma inadequada (considerando dose, intervalo entre doses ou período de tratamento). Quanto ao armazenamento, 55,2% dos medicamentos estavam guardados em lugar inseguro, ou seja, ao acesso das crianças, e 32,0% em locais inadequados, por estarem expostos a luz, calor ou umidade. Ainda, 45,2% estavam sem bula, 38,9% sem embalagem secundária e 1,6% fora do prazo de validade. Conclusões: As crianças estudadas apresentam uma frequência elevada de uso de medicamentos, devendo ser incentivadas ações que visem ao uso seguro e racional de fármacos nessa população.


ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the context of drug use in children aged zero to five years old. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on interviews conducted at home with caregivers (parents, uncles or grandparents) of the children enrolled in ten Family Health Strategy units across different geographical points of the city of Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Results: A total of 350 caregivers were interviewed, whose children's mean age was 2.6 years. Of these, 56.9% had used at least one drug in the 15 days prior to the interview, 31.1% had been exposed to self-medication and 35.7% had used at least one medication obtained by current prescription. The use of medication was associated with the age range up to 24 months, periodic consultation with pediatricians and diagnosis of chronic and acute diseases. Among medicated children, 19.1% inappropriately had been exposed to at least one medication (considering dose, dose interval or period of treatment). Regarding medication storage, 55.2% of interviewees stored them in unsafe places that could be accessed by children and 32.0% in inappropriate places, with exposure to light, heat or humidity. Moreover, 45.2% of the interviewees stored drugs out of their packages, 38.9% without secondary packaging, and 1.6% of drugs had expired date. Conclusions: Drug use is high among children in this age range, and actions aimed at the safe and rational use of these substances in this population should be encouraged.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pharmacoepidemiology
18.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 52(supl.2): 8s, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-979034

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and factors associated with cost-related underuse of medications in a nationally representative sample of Brazilians aged 50 years and over. METHODS Among the 9,412 participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), 6,014 reported using at least one medication on regular basis and were included in the analysis. Underuse of medications was by stopping taking or reducing the number of tablets or the dose of any prescribed medication for financial reasons. The theoretical framework used for the selection of the exploratory variables included predisposing factors, enabling factors, and factors of need. Associations were tested by Poisson regression. RESULTS The prevalence of underuse of medications was 10.6%. After adjustments for relevant covariables, positive and statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) with the outcome were found for females [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.39], sufficiency of the family income for expenses (PR = 1.74 for sometimes and PR 2.42 for never), frequency with which the physician explains about the disease and treatment (PR = 1.31 for rarely or never), number of medications used (PR = 1.39 for 2-4 and 1.53 for 5 or more), fair (PR = 2.02) and poor or very poor self-rated health (PR = 2.92), and a previous medical diagnosis of depression (PR = 1.69). Negative associations were observed for the age groups of 60-79 years (PR = 0.75) and 80 years and over (PR = 0.43), socioeconomic status of the household (PR = 0.70, 0.79, and 0.60 for the second, third, and fourth quartile, respectively), and private health plan coverage (PR = 0.79). There were no associations between hypertension and self-reported diabetes and underuse of medications. CONCLUSIONS Cost-related underuse of medications is multidimensional and complex, and it covers socio-demographic characteristics, health conditions, and the use of health services. The explanation about the disease and its treatment to the patient and the expansion of the universal access to pharmaceutical care can minimize the risks of underuse.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à subutilização de medicamentos por motivos financeiros em amostra nacional representativa da população brasileira com 50 anos ou mais. MÉTODOS Entre 9.412 participantes do Estudo Longitudinal sobre a Saúde dos Idosos Brasileiros (ELSI-Brasil), 6.014 informaram usar medicamento(s) de uso contínuo e foram incluídos na análise. A subutilização de medicamentos foi definida como ter, por motivos financeiros, deixado de tomar ou ter diminuído o número de comprimidos ou a dose de algum medicamento receitado pelo médico. O marco teórico empregado para a seleção das variáveis exploratórias incluiu fatores predisponentes, capacitantes e de necessidade. As associações foram testadas por meio de regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS A prevalência de subutilização de medicamentos foi de 10,6%. Após ajustes pertinentes, associações positivas e estatisticamente significantes (p < 0,05) com o desfecho foram observadas para o sexo feminino [razão de prevalência (RP) = 1,39]; renda familiar às vezes (RP = 1,74) e nunca (RP = 2,94) suficiente para as despesas; frequência com que o médico explica sobre a doença e tratamento (RP = 1,31 para raramente ou nunca); número de medicamentos utilizados (RP = 1,39 para 2-4 e 1,53 para 5 ou mais); autoavaliação da saúde razoável (RP = 2,02) e ruim ou muito ruim (RP = 2,92); e diagnóstico médico de depressão (RP = 1,69). Associações negativas foram observadas para idade igual a 60-79 (RP = 0,75) e 80 anos ou mais (RP = 0,43), posição socioeconômica do domicílio (RP = 0,70; 0,79 e 0,60 para o segundo, terceiro e quartil superior) e cobertura por plano privado de saúde (RP = 0,79). Não foram observadas associações entre hipertensão e diabetes autorreferidos e subutilização de medicamentos. CONCLUSÕES A subutilização de medicamentos por motivos financeiros tem caráter multidimensional e complexo, abrangendo características sociodemográficas, de condições de saúde e de utilização de serviços de saúde. Esclarecer ao paciente sobre a doença e o seu tratamento, e ampliar o acesso universal à assistência farmacêutica, podem minimizar os riscos da subutilização.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Drug Utilization/economics , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Longitudinal Studies , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged
19.
Rev. psiquiatr. Urug ; 81(2): 106-112, dic. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-973357

ABSTRACT

Los antipsicóticos han demostrado eficaciaen el tratamiento de los trastornos severos y persistentes. La utilización de antipsicóticos se ha incrementado en los últimos años a expensas de los antipsicóticos atípicos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo del consumo de antipsicóticos en la Policlínica Psiquiátrica del Hospital Vilardebó en el período 2009-2015. El consumo de antipsicóticos en el período representa un aumento del 7.7 %. Durante el período en estudio ha ocurrido un leve aumento de pacientes en monoterapia (61,2 %a 65.4 %); la polifarmacia de 2 antipsicóticos se mantiene relativamente estable (27.5 % a 28.3 %); la polifarmacia de más de 2 antipsicóticos ha disminuido (11.3 % a 7.2 %). La polifarmaciatiene casi el mismo impacto en el gasto que la monoterapia.


Antipsychotics have shown efficacy in the treatment of severe and persistent disorders. The use of antipsychotics has increased in recent years at the expense of atypical antipsychotics. A descriptive, observational and retrospective study of the antipsychotic consumption in the Psychiatric Polyclinic of the Hospital Vilardebó in the 2009-2015 period was carried out. The consumption of antipsychotics in the period represents an increase of 7.7%. During the study period there has been a slight increase in patients on monotherapy (61.2% to 65.4%); the polypharmacy of 2 antipsychotics remains relatively stable (27.5% to 28.3%); the polypharmacy of more than 2 antipsychotics has decreased (11.3% to 7.2%). Polypharmacy has almost the same impact on spending as monotherapy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational Study , Prospective Studies , Polypharmacy , Hospitals, Psychiatric
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